They cleared the forests to establish pasture and to cultivate the land and developed new technologies such as ceramics and textile production. Jan 30, 1876, Neath Road, Briton Ferry, Glamorgan, son of George COSLETT (of Durham, England) and Susannah GRIFFITHS (of Briton Ferry) [sources: 1881 census; birth certificate]. Conversely, the borough electorate, in Cardiff, Swansea and Merthyr Tydfil had been greatly expanded. However, the coastal ports, Cardiff and Swansea, managed to sustain a "reasonable" level of economic activity,[82] and the anthracite coalfield in western Glamorgan (and eastern Carmarthenshire) also managed to maintain production and exports above pre-war levels.[83]. This was particularly true of Merthyr where the electorate was increased tenfold to 14,577. Neath (/niːθ/; Welsh: Castell-nedd) is a town and community situated in the principal area of Neath Port Talbot, Wales with a population of 19,258 in 2011. The most notable of the bays include Langland Bay, Caswell Bay, Pwlldu Bay, Three Cliffs Bay and Oxwich Bay. Dwr-y-Felin Comprehensive School is situated on the outskirts of the town, opposite a campus of NPTC Group (which was previously Neath Port Talbot College. Other rugby clubs of note from the region include Bridgend RFC, Glamorgan Wanderers RFC, Neath RFC and Pontypridd RFC. The South Wales Railway serviced Cardiff, Bridgend, Neath and Swansea, with its final destination within Glamorgan being Loughor, before continuing through Carmarthenshire. Evidence of the presence of Neanderthals has been discovered on the Gower Peninsula. [132] A road was built to connect the two towns, but with only horses to move the cargo, transportation was cumbersome; therefore an alternative was planned. The resulting population pressures appear to have led to conflict. The lowlands are geographically the best environment for agriculture of the three areas. Great Western Railway and Transport for Wales serve the station with services westbound to Swansea, Carmarthen and the West Wales Line and eastbound to Port Talbot Parkway, Bridgend, Cardiff Central and London Paddington. [2] The wider urban area, which includes neighbouring settlements, had a population of 50,658 in 2011. The heavy industries are no more with the town being a commercial and tourism centre. As well as the architecture of Glamorgan entering modernity, there was also a reflection to the past, with some individuals who made the most from the booming industrial economy restoring symbols of the past, building follies and commissioning Gothic-style additions to ancient churches. Coal mining eventually became the dominant industry in Glamorgan and tall winding towers – originally made of timber or cast iron, later steel – became symbolic icons. Both areas were under the control of the Norman Lords of Glamorgan (often the Earls of Gloucester). Although the first stages of all three canals were completed by 1800 and revolutionised the commercial transportation systems of Glamorgan; in 1804 at Penydarren Ironworks, Richard Trevithick's "Pen-y-Darren" locomotive became the first engine to pull a load along rails;[135] heralding the coming of the railways, which would eventually replace the canals. The church of St Illtyd[12] was built at this settlement and was enlarged in Norman times. This will transmit on 97.4 FM, and will give residents of Neath their first taste of the borough's new local radio station, which already transmits to the neighbouring area of Port Talbot on 107.9 FM. [39] As well as building a military and defensive network, the Normans also undertook an ecclesiastical reorganisation on Glamorgan. Deforestation continued to the more remote areas as a warmer climate allowed the cultivation even of upland areas. In 1874, the Rhondda produced 2.13 million tons of coal, which rose to 5.8 million tons by 1884. The crest above the shield was a Welsh dragon rising from flames, symbolising the revival of the county's industry following a period of economic depression. [121] Towards Tudor times the upkeep and repair of the roads came under the administration of each parish, with six days of the week during the summer allowed for track repairs. The building of parish churches also began in the 12th century, densely in the Vale, but very sparsely in the upland and northern areas. Several events took place to precipitate the growth in coal mining, including the discovery of steam coal in the Cynon Valley, the building of a large masonry dock at Cardiff and the construction of the Taff Vale Railway. When the Diocese of Llandaff became incorporated into the Province of Canterbury, the Bishop of Llandaff rebuilt over the small church with the beginnings of Llandaff Cathedral in 1120. Ironmaking developed in locations where ironstone, coal and limestone were found in close proximity – primarily the northern and south-western parts of the South Wales coalfield. [44] The subjugation of Glamorgan, begun by Fitzhamon, was finally completed by the powerful De Clare family,[45] and in 1486 the kingdom was granted to Jasper Tudor.[42]. The red chevronels on a gold shield were the arms of the De Clare Marcher Lords, while the roses recorded the shiring of Glamorgan by Henry VIII. Two other comprehensive schools serve the town: Llangatwg Comprehensive School in Cadoxton and Ysgol Bae Baglan in Baglan, Neath Port Talbot.. Primary schools include St Joseph's R C Primary School in Hillside Neath, Crynallt Primary School in Cimla, Alderman Davies Church in Wales Primary School in Neath, Gnoll Primary School in Neath, Melin Infant and Junior schools, Ysgol Gynradd Castell Nedd, Mynachlog Nedd Junior School in Skewen, Tonnau Primary School in Tonna, Tonmawr Primary School in Tonmawr, Catwg Primary School in Cadoxton, Cilfrew Primary School in Cilfrew, Wauncierch primary school in Wauncierch and Ynysmaerdy Primary School in Briton Ferry. [67] The coalfield provided a vast range in quality and type, but prior to 1750 the only real access to the seams was through bell pits or digging horizontally into a level where the seam was exposed at a river bank or mountainside. Other areas to house heavy industries include ironworks in Maesteg (1826), tinplate works in Llwydarth and Pontyclun and an iron ore mine in Llanharry. Lt. Lewis Roatley,[17] the son of the landlord of the Castle Hotel, served as a Royal Marines officer with Nelson aboard HMS Victory in the Battle of Trafalgar. Two major groups of Neolithic architectural traditions are represented in the area: portal dolmens (e.g. [53] Glamorgan sent troops to join Charles I at the Battle of Edgehill, and their Member of Parliament Sir Edward Stradling was captured in the conflict. Ideal detached family home set on a cul-de-sac location in the popular area of Briton Ferry. [22] Neath Rugby Football Club, the famous and successful "Welsh All Blacks", play at The Gnoll. Here the cliffs rise and run for eleven miles as far as the estuary of the Ogmore. Glamorgan's terrain has been inhabited by humankind for over 200,000 years. Neath (/ n iː θ /; Welsh: Castell-nedd) is a town and community situated in the principal area of Neath Port Talbot, Wales with a population of 19,258 in 2011. The River Neath is a navigable estuary and Neath was a river port until recent times. With the industrialisation of the county, farming became of far less importance, with industrial areas encroaching into farming lands. [50] Easy access to Cornish ores and a local outcropping of coal near the surface, gave Swansea economic advantages in the smelting industry. [136] By 1871, Cardiff had outgrown all of its Welsh rivals to become the most populous town in the country[136] Swansea Docks continued to be the world's leading exporter of copper, but did not experience the growth of Cardiff due to poor links to the coalfields. Sport was an important part of life in Glamorgan, and the county produced several individuals and teams of note. The area later known as the Gower Peninsula was not under the Lordship of Glamorgan, and became the Gower Lordship which had previously been the cantref of Gŵyr. The area around the Milland Road Industrial Estate will be redeveloped along with the area around the Neath Canal. Although work began in 1911, The National Museum of Wales (Smith and Brewer) was not completed until 1927 due to the First World War. [101] The second is the Tawe, the central river of Swansea. From the 1790s a call was made for parliamentary reform to address the imbalance between the number of Members of Parliament for each Welsh county and the population each seat represented. In the 20th century, the railways saw a gradual drop in usage as the heavy industrial works and mines began to reduce output and close and many stations became redundant. [104] On the northern side of the Worm's Head is the village and Bay of Rhossili, a westerly facing bay that leads backwards to a series of downs, some of the highest land in the Gower. The latter road, an early example of dual carriageway construction through a built-up area, was the first length of motorway opened to traffic in Wales. [145] The team gained first-class status in 1921,[145] and still play under the name of Glamorgan. [84], Another hospital to which functionalism was applied was the University Hospital of Wales (S.W. [8][9], From the end of the last ice age (between 12,000 and 10,000 BP) Mesolithic hunter-gatherers began to migrate to the British Peninsula – through Doggerland – from the European mainland. [105] The final stretch of Glamorgan coastline turns north-east to form the Burry Inlet, a shallow and sand-choked estuary which leads to a tract of salt marshes which stretch to the mouth of the River Loughor. Neath Athletic A.F.C. As with the rest of the British Isles and Wales, Neath experiences a maritime climate with cool summers and mild winters, often high winds, and low sunshine levels. [72] Greek Revival architecture, popularised in France and Germany in the late 18th century, was used for a number of public and educational buildings in Wales including the Royal Institution of South Wales in Swansea (1841) and Bridgend Town Hall (1843). A Glamorgan yeoman of the time generally lived in greater comfort than his contemporaries of the more westerly or upland parts of Wales such as Cardiganshire or north Carmarthenshire. In March 2008, the county's new radio station, Afan FM, announced plans to turn on a new transmitter dedicated to the Neath area in the summer. [133] Exports continued strongly when the Abbey Works were built in 1952. In 1885, all ten of the Glamorgan seats were captured by the Liberal Party and this election represented the triumph of the nonconformist middle classes. [119] However, for 1,000 years after the Romans there was little need for major roads. Guide price. 1. Neath and the surrounding area is represented at Westminster by Christina Rees MP (Labour) and in the Senedd by Jeremy Miles (Labour) and by four MSs within the South Wales West electoral region. The new transmitter for the Neath area was commissioned by Government regulator Ofcom on Thursday 23 October 2008. Worm's Head is one of the stand out features of the Glamorgan coastline, a long narrow ledge of limestone, projecting into the sea, ending in a 200-foot high wedge shaped crag;[104] the Head takes its name from its resemblance to a dragon. Although not as famous as the Llanelli or Pontypool works, a concentrated number of works emerged around Swansea, Aberavon and Neath towards the late 19th century. [68] In 1828 the South Wales coalfield was producing an estimated 3 million tons of coal, by 1840 that had risen to 4.5 million, with about 70 percent consumed by local commercial and domestic usage. In the first hundred years, the only Welshman to captain an England major tour abroad was Tony Lewis, Glamorgan captain 1967–72. [152] These towns, most notably Barry Island, Porthcawl, Aberavon and Mumbles, owed their existence as tourist locations to the development of the south Wales coal field and the introduction of the workers' annual holidays. Under the Local Government Act 1972, the county boroughs and administrative county of Glamorgan were abolished on 1 April 1974, with three new counties being established, each containing a former county borough: West Glamorgan, Mid Glamorgan, South Glamorgan. Glamorganshire was split from its two Members of Parliament to five, with the creation of constituencies for East, Mid and South Glamorganshire, Gower and Rhondda. [42] Upon the death of William, Lord of Glamorgan, his extensive holdings were eventually granted to Gilbert de Clare in 1217. Swansea RFC, Cardiff RFC and Merthyr RFC were founding members of the Welsh Rugby Union in 1881,[147] and both St. Helen's Rugby and Cricket Ground (Swansea) and the Cardiff Arms Park (Cardiff), have been sporting venues for international rugby. [16] Silica was mined in the Craig-y-Dinas area of Pontneddfechan, after Quaker entrepreneur William Weston Young invented the blast furnace silica firebrick, later moving brick production from the works at Pontwalby to the Green in Neath. 2. The hoard, described as "one of the most significant prehistoric metalwork hoards in Wales" has given its name to the Llyn Fawr Phase, the last Bronze Age phase in Britain. [49] There were two main factors behind this trend; firstly the increase in the population of the county required more milk and other dairy produce,[49] in an age before refrigeration. The property has 3 bedrooms and a first floor shower room. St Illtyd visited the Neath area and established a settlement in what is now known as Llantwit on the northern edge of the town. The whole bay is shut in by high hills and is thickly encircled with sands. Designed to reflect sympathetically in dimensions with its neighbouring city hall, the dome-topped museum combines many architectural motifs with Doric columns at its facade, while internally a large entrance hall with stairs, landings and balconies. (formed 1912)[149] and Cardiff City (formed 1899 as Riverside AFC). ... West Glamorgan, SA11. [121] An Act of 1555 required each landowner to produce a cart, horses or bullocks, and two men to work 4 days on roads. [123] In 1846, County Highway Boards were established in south Wales, to buy out the turnpike trusts and take over their functions. The Act increased the number of MPs for Glamorganshire from one to two, it created the separate District of Swansea and Merthyr Tydfil became a borough constituency. Law enforcement within the confines of the shire was the responsibility of the High Sheriff of Glamorgan. [47] The Lordship became a shire and was awarded its first Parliamentary representative with the creation of the Glamorganshire constituency in 1536. They progressed from simple, single-storey designs to larger and more elaborate structures, most built in the classical style. The line was designed to link the coalfields of Glamorgan to London, and was also part of Isambard Kingdom Brunel's vision of a transport link from London to New York. [47] Local magistrates were appointed to deal with petty sessions while Lords Lieutenant were appointed as the King's representative. was the town's largest football team, playing at Neath RFC's ground, The Gnoll, and played in the top flight of Welsh football, the Welsh Premier League, until the club was wound up in 2012. 0.6 miles Pyle. [6] The Silures had hill forts throughout the area – e.g., Caerau (Cardiff), Caerau hill fort, Rhiwsaeson (Llantrisant), and Y Bwlwarcau [Mynydd Margam, south west of Maesteg – and cliff castles along the Glamorgan coast – e.g., Burry Holms (Gower Peninsula). Glamorgan was the most populous and industrialised county in Wales, and was once called the "crucible of the Industrial Revolution," as it contained the world centres of three metallurgical industries and its rich resources of coal. [113][114] In 1935, a Royal Commission argued that Merthyr Tydfil County Borough, then heavily burdened by the cost of maintaining many unemployed people, should be abolished and merged with Glamorgan. [27][28] Until the Roman conquest of Britain, the area that would become known as Glamorgan was part of the territory of the Silures – a Celtic British tribe that flourished in the Iron Age – whose territory also included the areas that would become known as Breconshire and Monmouthshire. The major settlements of the region include Swansea, Neath and Port Talbot. Listed on 7th Mar 2021. [152] The late 19th century, with improving rail links, saw the coastal areas of Glamorgan that benefited from a beachfront grow as tourist destinations. Play darts against the computer. Non-agricultural industries were generally small scale, with some shallow coal pits, fulling mills, weaving and pottery-making.

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